Neurological consultation is an examination procedure performed to examine the condition and detect disorders of the body's nervous system, as well as to diagnose neurological diseases that the patient may be suffering from. The results of the consultation will be used as a guide for doctors to determine and plan the appropriate type of treatment. Nervous disease is a disorder that occurs in the body's nervous system, including the brain and bone marrow (central nervous system), as well as the nerves that connect the central nervous system to the body's organs (peripheral nervous system). Disruption of the nervous system can cause disruption of all or part of body functions, such as difficulty moving, breathing, speaking, memory disorders, and impaired function of internal organs, such as the heart and lungs. Motor nerves, which are types of nerves that send signals (impulses) from the brain and spinal cord to all muscles in the body. This nervous system allows a person to perform various activities, such as walking, catching a ball, or moving his fingers to pick up something. Sensory nerves, which are types of nerves that send back signals (impulses) from the skin and muscles back to the spine and brain. This nervous system affects the function of the senses in the human body, such as sight, hearing, touch, taste, smell, and balance. Autonomic nerves, which are types of nerves that control the functions of body movements that are not or semi-conscious, such as heart rate, blood pressure, bowel movements, and body temperature regulation. The medical science that studies the human nervous system is neurology. Meanwhile, doctors who specifically treat neurological diseases are called neurologists (Sp.S) or neurologists. The main purpose of a neurology consultation is to diagnose, treat, and prevent various types of neurological diseases experienced by patients.
Functional disorders, such as epilepsy and trigeminal neuralgia.
Patients suspected of having neurological disease generally show different symptoms depending on the type of nerve that is affected, either autonomic nerves, motor nerves, or sensory nerves. Back pain that radiates to the arms or legs. Muscle strength is weakened or lost. Loss of balance and body coordination. Decreased or lost memory ability. Loss or decline in sensory abilities, such as seeing or hearing. Impaired speech (aphasia), difficulty speaking or slurred speech. Infections, such as meningitis, encephalitis, and polio. Blood vessel disorders (vascular), such as stroke, TIA (transient ischemic attack), and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Structural disorders, such as CTS (carpal tunnel syndrome), Bell's palsy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and peripheral neuropathy. Functional disorders, such as epilepsy and trigeminal neuralgia. Degenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or motor neuron disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Patients generally do not need to make special preparations before undergoing a neurological disease consultation. However, there are some things that patients need to bring when meeting with a neurologist. Overall medical history. Patients should bring all the results of previous examinations, such as the results of laboratory tests, X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, EEGs, or EMGs that have been carried out. The type of drug, supplement, or herbal product you are currently taking. Patients should bring a list of drugs or physical forms of drugs that are being consumed, so that doctors can find out which treatment therapy is being carried out.
39;s history of surgery or medical therapy.
Reference letter. Patients should bring a referral letter from a general practitioner or other specialist. The referral letter can be a guide or initial description of the patient's condition and further treatment that may be carried out. In addition, patients can also make a list of questions that they want to ask a neurologist when undergoing a consultation. Sort the questions starting with the most important question you want to ask. The patient will undergo several examinations as part of the neurological disease consultation process. The type of examination that will be carried out depends on the condition and symptoms experienced by the patient. Medical history tracing. As a first step in the examination, the doctor will ask the patient several questions, including: - Complaints about the health problems that the patient is currently experiencing. Medical history of the patient and the patient's family, including a history of allergies, types of diseases that have been suffered, or hereditary diseases that may be owned by the patient's family. The patient's history of surgery or medical therapy. Types of drugs being consumed. Lifestyle, including smoking habits, alcohol consumption, use of illegal drugs, type of work, and hobbies. Examination of vital signs, including measurement of blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, and respiratory rate.
Gait analysis, which is a method of examining human gait patterns and styles.
Examination of the patient's condition in general, namely examination of various parts of the body to detect abnormalities or disorders that may be experienced by the patient. This examination includes examination of the head and neck, heart, lungs, stomach, and skin. Nerve examination. Nervous examination consists of several types of examinations, including: - Examination of nerve function. Nerve function tests generally include gait, speech, and mental status. Gait analysis, which is a method of examining human gait patterns and styles. When a person is unable to walk normally, the condition may be caused by injury, genetic factors, disease, or impaired function of the legs or feet. Speech analysis, which is a method of examining an individual's ability to communicate with other individuals. Mental status evaluation, which is an examination of the patient's psychological condition, especially memory, orientation, and intelligence.
39;s photo. Examination uses X-rays to see the condition of the body, such as the skull.
Laboratory examination. An examination of a sample of blood, urine, or other fluids for analysis in the laboratory. Several types of laboratory tests, including: - Blood tests. This test can detect infections of the brain and bone marrow, bleeding, damage to blood vessels, toxins that affect the nervous system, and measure drug levels in epilepsy patients. Urine test (urinalysis). This test is done to detect abnormal substances in the urine that cause nerve disorders. Biopsy. This test is done by taking tissue in the muscles, nerves, or brain for later analysis in a laboratory. X-ray's photo. Examination uses X-rays to see the condition of the body, such as the skull. CT scan. Examination using a computer and a rotating X-ray machine. In neurological examination, CT scans can detect the location of brain damage in head injury patients, blood clots or bleeding in stroke patients, or brain tumors. This check takes 10-15 minutes.
MRI. Examination using magnetic fields and computer technology to detect brain and spinal cord tumors, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and spinal stenosis. MRI takes 15-60 minutes. Positron emission tomography (PET). Tests to detect tumors and tissue damage, measure cell and tissue metabolism, blood vessel disorders, and evaluate patients with neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. PET uses a radioactive liquid that is injected into the patient and a scanning machine equipped with gamma rays. myelography. The examination uses a special dye (contrast) injected into the spinal canal and X-rays. This examination can detect injuries, wounds, and tumors of the spinal cord. This examination takes 45-60 minutes. Neurosonography. An examination that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the brain and spinal cord. Neurosonography results are used to analyze blood flow to the brain and diagnose stroke, brain tumors, and hydrocephalus. Electroencephalography (EEG). Examination using electrodes placed on the scalp to detect electrical activity in the brain. EEG is used to help diagnose seizures, brain tumors, brain damage from head injuries, and inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. This examination takes 1-3 hours depending on the patient's condition.